Elastic webbing



c s. E. CLAUSS ELASTIC WEBBING File d Dec. a1. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet '1 Hlll HI Illl llll w Q n 1 m a G. E. CLAUSS ELASTIC WEBBING Filed Dec.

31, 1926 2 Sheets-She 2 nmh lhen Patented a. 11,"1927. 1,644,667

UNITED'STA-TES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE E. CLAUSS, 0F ANSONIA, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE ANSONIA O 80 C COMPANY, OF ANSONIA, CONNECTICUT.

' ELASTIC WEBBING.

- Application filed December 31, 1926. Serial No. 158,348.

This invention relates to elastic webbing, the cords u:ed in a short'stretch Web may be and more particularly to a webbing designed so made that a very considerable amount of to be used in the manufacture of corsets, the tension of the rubber strand will be taken bandages and kindred articles where a up or held by its covering so that the cord strong fabric is desired. While the particuitself may not tend to shrink or curl up to lar embodiment of my invention which I an undesirable extent. There always, howhave illustrated and described is designed ever, will be a greater tendency for such a particularly for use in connection with the cord to-curl up when removedfro m the Web manufacture of corsets, it will be understood than when the rubber strand is under less that the invention is'not confined to sucha tension.

web, and is equally applicable to short or long stretch webs, which latter have little especially in connection with a short stretch initial tension. I web where the rubber is under considerable In weaving an elastic web of this charaC- tension within the cord, the fabric always In the case of the completed web, and I Mar, it is preferable to uce covered rubber has a tendency not to lie fiat but tocurl up warp cords. Thesecords consist of a rubandwrinkle, andin order to make such webs ber strand covered with one or more layers lie flat, it is sometimes required that they of ,yarn. The rubber strand is usually covbe treated with an extensive amount of sizered under tension, the amount of this ten- 1 ing' or'starching, and when so treated.they

sion dependin on the desired characteristics are ironed or finished in that condition. of the finishe web. If, for instance, what Such webs are very stiff and unyielding, and

is termed along stretch web is to be made, in some. cases, v the rubber will be covered in the cord under oil cloth than web, so stifliy are they starched.

a relatively small amount of initial tension, If not so treated, they areso uneven and 26 but nevertheless will usually be stretched crumpled that they present apoor appearto some extent when the covering is applied. ance. The strand will be held in this state of tension by the covering, so that if such cord' is tempt to stretchit' more strongly than the removed from the completed fabric, it will long stretch web, other things being equal, 30 lie substantially flat and will length when removed from the fabric as by th quantlty of rubber used. For inwoven thegainf mifien' efitfiow stfice, the rubber cords may lie-placed closely ever, if the rubber strand is removed from together in the long stretch web and thereby its covering, as in such case itcwill occupy its resistance to stretching will be correonly a fractionof the length of the: covered spondingly increased. cor

If it is desired to make what is termed a character to which th s invention relates is short st'fetch' web & a web which will rethat it be extremely flexible and not easily quire an application ofhonsi erableforce to creased. If, for instance, the rubber cords stretch it from its normal con 1 1o rthe are held very tightly in the web in order rubber strands will be placed under re'lativetdma-ke them he flat, and if the web conly great tension when covered, the amount tains a considerable amount oftextlle maof this tension, of course, depending upon terial for the same purpose, it is apt to the character of the finished web, that is, itdestroy to .a great extent the flexibility of the wilt depend upon the amountof force it is fabric, and thus make it less suitable for the desired that the web withstand before usetoflwhich it is to be put. I stretching. While'in the case of the long It is contemplated-[by this invention to stretch web the fabric will be relatively provide a web so woven that it will be strong weak and will be stretched by a slight pull, and durable, the elements of which will be a short stretch web'wi-ll be relatively strong firmly bound together, and which at the and-will only yield elastically when a considerable force is applied. However. even or no starching or SlZlDg to make it he flat,

may seem more like a p1ece of While a short stretch web resists-an'atbe of the same this condition ;nay,be varied to some extent "Another desirable feature of a web of the same time will be flexible and require little achieved by the use of figuring threads or elements woven as warps into the web and floated on the surface of the web to produce raised figures, such threads preferably being of some material having a bright luster,

such as artificial silk.

One object of this invention, therefore, is

" I to produce an elastic webbing which shallbe strong and durable and which may be made eitlfier as a long stretch or a short stretch we a Another object of this inventionis to roduce a web of this character which s all have an ornamental surface and which shall at the same time have its elements firmly bound together toproduce a strong fabric.

A still further object of the invention is to produce a short or long stretch web suitable for use in the manufacture of corsets or kindred articles, which shall be strong and durable and which will'require very little or no sizing or starching to make it lie flat, and which will at the same time be provided with an ornamental surface, so that it will meet with favor in the trade. 7

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a web of the character described which shall have an ornamental surface caused by the floating thereon of figurihg warp threads havin a bright luster, these threads serving as inder threads in f firnothemo lain part of the .web to help bind the elements'pfthe web firmly together to make a strong fabric.

A still further object of this invention is the provision ofan elastic webbm" haying a fi-gured or ornagental surface, t e figures being formed by the same threads which in the plain portions of the web serve as binder threads to bind the elements of the web together.

To theseand other ends the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described I and egd n t e accom anylng rawm .lgigl is a ilan vgwmf tlfe face of the we "Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic face plan view of the surface of the web, the threads being drawn apart or separated to show the manner of weaving;

F'g. 3 "s a sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, showing the manner of weaving the binder warps;

' --rubber itself will Fig. 4 is a sectional View on line 4-4 of Fig. 2, showing the manner of weaving some of the figuring warps;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line 55 of Fig. 2, showing the manner of weaving others of the figuring warps;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view through the warp be understood by those skilled in the art.

In general, the face of the web as shown in Fig. 1, consists of a plain or unfigured portion or background 10, having stripes 11,-

running across theweb in the direction of the weft threads, and between these stripes are figures 12, which are'raised from the surface of the web and are formed of threads having a bright luster, so as to stand out in a striking manner. The stripes 11, will preferably be formed of the same or similar threads, so that they will also be clearly discernible and distinguished from the plain portions. A

- The unit to which I have referred, in this instance, will be equal in length to the distance between two of such stripes, that is, will comprise a figured and a plain portion of the web, and in width will be substantially equal to the length of one of the figures.

This unit consists inwidth of six rubber warp cords and in length, of sixty filling picks, and one of such units is shown in The rubber warp cords are designated by the numeral 13, and while they would appear to be spaced to a considerable extent according to the diagrammatic view shown in Fig. 0

closely together in the actual roduct. Each cord consists of a square ru ber thread of No. 42 rubber covered first with a layer of in reality these cords are spacedrelatively yarn, on top of which is another winding of yarn wound as an open helix. The resultmg cord has, in its-soft,leese, natural state a diameter of. about .O5 of an inch,.and the lprobably weigh one-sixth or less of the weig t of a. complete cord. In practice, the cords are spaced about ,067 of an inch apart, although it will be understood that this may be varied according to the particular type of web desired.

A series of face filling icks, 14, lie above these c rds, and between t cse face picks are back picks of filling, 15, lying belowithe cords, so that the filling material will cons1st of filling picks lying alternately above and below the rubber cords. Each of such "viates the, necessity of carrying in stock a larger number of different sizes of yarns. From the foregoing description it Wlll be seen that the face filling picks 14 lie above I all of the rubber cords, while the back' picks in .a similar manner lie below all of therub:

ber cords.

Between the rubber cords are disposed binder warp threads, 16, to bind the filling picks to the cords. In the embodiment illustrated, two of such binder warp threads are shown, these two threads lying adjacent each otherv and substantially midway between the cords. It will be understood. however, that the number and dispositionof these threads may be varied 'to some extent without departing from the spirit of the invention. The threads of each of such binder warps picks. and then under the'next face and back filling picks, so that each threadpasses over two picks of filling and then under the next two. The threads of each pair are staggered.

however, so that they cross each other and pass alternately to the face and back of the web in such a manner that each filling pick is engaged by one or the other of the threads to secure a firm binding action. That is, one of the threads will pass over alternate face filling picks and under alternate back filling picks, and the other thread will engage those filling picks not engaged by the first. This is clearly shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. These binder warp threads may advantageously be No. 40 two-ply cotton yarn.

Between thebinder warp threads and an adjacent rubber cord is placed a figuring warp element of artificial silk material. Each of-these figuring warp elements is composed of a plurality of separate threads woven as a unit=through the web, three of such threads, 17, 1'8 and 19. being shown in the drawing. although it will be understood that the number may be varied if desired. These threads are not woven alike through all parts-of the web, but are woven in the plain or unfigured part to perform a binding action and thus assist the binder warp threads to secure the parts of the web firmly together, and are brought to the surface of the web to form the stripes 11 and the patterns or figures 12.

Beginning at the lower left hand corner of Fig. 2, it will be apparent that the figuring warp elements 20, 21, 22 and 23 are woven together through the web to pass under and over the same back and face picks of filling, each of these elements passing under and over two picks of filling in a step until the face pickl4 is reached. These elements all pass below the back pick 15 next adjacent the face pick 14 and then together all rise to the surface to pass over the next four picks. consisting of the two face picks 14 and 14 and the two back picks 15 and 15":

continuing. these elements pass under and over two filling picks in a step as before un til the face filling pick 14 is reached, when they all rise to the surface to be floated over six picks of filling at a step to form the lower arm of the pattern or figure on the face of the web. After being'fioated over the six filling picks, three back and three face picks, they then pass under two picks 'and'over two picks as before, to the end of the unit. At that part of the web where the figuring elements pass over four picks in a step. the stripe, 11, is formed.

' The next four adjacentfiguring warp elements, 24-, 25, 26 and 27 are, beginning at the left hand end of Fig. 2 in the drawings, and, until they reach the filling pick 14?, gwoven exactly as are the four figuring warps pass over adjacent face and back filling previously referred to. That is, these four moreover, all pass under the same two and over the same two such picks and respectively under and over the same picks as the four figuring elements previously described. Likewise. when they reach the face pick 14 they all rise to the top of the web to be floated over the next four fillingpicks, just as the ice figuring elements 20 to 23 inclusive, inorder v to form the continuous stripe. ,Cont-inuing, they then pass under two and over two filling picks until the pick 14 is reached, when they are brought to the surface of the web to be floated over the next six filling picks to form the left hand arm of the figure. They the web. They rise together at the face fill ing pick 14 to pass over the next six picks of'filling to form the upper arm of the figure. and likewise pass over the four picks of filling, 14, 15, 14 and 15 to form the continuous stripe.

then pass under the filling picks 14? and 15 It will be apparent that in the plain portions of the web the figuring warp elements I are woven in the same manner and are not staggered-but are woven inparallel relation each grou so that all pass over and under the same picks of filling, and moreover, they all rise together to pass over four adjacent Picks of filling to form the continuous stripe. Only in the region of figures does the manner of weaving differ, and then it differs only in order that the four intermediate figuring elements, 24 to 27 inclusive, may be twice floated over a number of adjacent filling picks within the unit so as to form two arms of the unit. It will be noted, however, that of four figuring elements, or, in other wor s, each group which forms an arm of the pattern, are woven through the web together in unison. and all pass under the same back pick of filling before rising to the surface to form the stripe or pattern.

In the case of the stripe, all pass under the same back filling pick before rising to the surface.

As has been stated, each figuring warp element consists as shown in the drawings of three separate threads. These threads are preferably N0. 300 denier artificial silk and are delivered to the loom in parallel and woven into the web as though they were one thread instead of three. In other words, they are bunched together in parallel fashion, and preferabl in loose untwisted condition, the multip e threads so used having a very distinct and great advantage. When they come to the surface of the web and float over a plurality of adjacent picks, they spread out laterally separate from each other to produce a broad, glossy effect. They not only expand laterally, but to some extent upwardly, and do this more and morev as the lcks which they cross are increased in numer. In other words, when a considerable number of surface picks are crossed over by these silk threads, they spread out to substantially cover the face of the web at that point to produce a marked glossy effect of a well known pattern of embroidery. In the plain portion of the web, however, the three threads will be tightly and closely grouped together, and as each is of substantially the same size as one of the binder threads, each element composed of the three-threads will be lar e and strong, and as in this part ofthe we they are woven in much the same manner as the binder threads and woven tightly, a very owerful binding efl'ect will beproduced. 'l he result is that these artificial silk warpsnot only bind the web in a powerful fashion in the plain portions thereof, but also, where desired, rise to the sur- A face to produce stripes and ornamentalfigures resembling embroidery.

It will be obvious that between each pair of covered rubber warp cords are eight distinct threads of yarn. The adjacent rubber cords may, however, be set relatively closely together partly because the threads are compressed to some extent and partly because cover the'rubber cords and the binder warps.

By having a very large number of warp cords in a'unit of wi th, that is, having the warp cords closely spaced, the web may be very strong and elastic in spite of the fact that the rubber inside of each cord is quite small. Furthermore, as the rubber is small and hasra relativel large amount of cotton covering on its sur ace, it may be comparatively short with respect to the length of the assembled cord.

In Figure 7 of the drawings, the web is shown in cross section and-the threads are placed as nearly as possible in the condition in which they actually exist in the completed web. It will be seen that the threads of the figuring warp elements spread out laterally to substantiallycover the surface of the web and that a group of such adjacent elements rise to the surface together to float over the face picks. It has been explained that these warp elements float over a plurality of adjacent face picks to form the figures. As

shown in Figure 7 the threads of these eleagainst the surments may lie fairly closeli face of the first of these pic s, but they probably do not lie so closely against the next adjacent pick, but to some extent expand upwardly so that the figure formed by them is somewhatraised from the surface ofthe plain portions of the web.

The various elements of the web are said to be woven in unison or parallel when these elements pass over or engage in the same way the same face picks and pass under or engage in the same way the same back picks. The elements are said to be staggered, when although they may be woven in.the same way through the web, they do not engage the same picks in the same way. 'In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in the drawings, the binder warp threads are woven in the same way through the web, but are in staggered relation. The figuring warps, however,-in the plain portions' of the web, are woven in unison or parallel, that is, they all engage the same face picks in the same way and the same backpicks in the I same way, and as shown, they all engage alternate face picks and alternate back picks. While such arrangement produces a very desirable web, the particular weave described may be varied to some extent without departing from the spirit of the invention.

a A piece of web made according to the fopegoing description requires little or no I each of said figurin starching or finishing to make it lie flat and together, and will possess a distinctly ornamental and pleasing appearance, all of which features are especially desirable for a web of this character.

While I have shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that it is not to be limited to all the details shown, but is capable of modification and variation within the spirit of the invention and within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. Elastic Webbing comprising covered rubbar warp cords and filling picks above and below said cords and figuring warp elements engaging the upper and lower filling picks to serve as binder elements 'in the plain unfigured portions of the web and floated over a number of adjacent face filling picks to form a raised figure on the faceof the web,

warp elements comprising a number 0 threads held closely together in the plain portions of the web and spreading out on the surface atthe. figured portion thereof to substantially cover the web surface where a figure is formed.

2. Elastic webbing comprising covered rubber warp cords, picks of filling above and belowsaid cords, binderwarp threads to bind the upper and lower filling picks to the cords, and a plurality of figuring warp elements engaging the upper and lower filling picks to also serve as binder elements in the plain unfigured portions of the web and floated over a'number of adjacent face filling picks to form a raised figure on the face of the web, each of said figuring warp elements comprising a number of threads held closely together when assing downwardly between the rubber cor s spreading out on the surface at the figured portions there- I of to substantiall cover the web surface where a figure is ormed.

3. An elastic webbing comprising covered.

rubber warp cords, face and back filling picks above and below. said cords, binder warp threads to bind the filling picks to the cords and figuring warp elements also serving as binder warps in certain portions of the web and floating over a plurality of adjacent face picks to form an ornamental figure on the surface of the web, each of said figuring warp-elements comprising a relatively large and free group of threads adapt ed to be tightly woven between the rubber warps in the plain part of the web, and

adapted to spread out laterally over the sur-- face of the web at the figured portions thereof.

4. An elastic webbing comprising covered rubber warp cords, face and back filling picks above and below said cords, binder warp threads to bind the filling picks to the cords andtfiguring warpelements also serving as binder warps in certain portions of the web and floating over a plurality of adjacent face picksto form an ornamental'figure on the surface of the web, each of said figuring warp elements comprising a relatively large and free group of threads adapted to be tightly woven between the rubber warps in the plain part of the web, and adapted to spread out laterally over the surface of the web at the figured portions thereof, andv a-group of adjacent ones of said figuring warp elements, being woven in unison through the web where a binding action is produced to engage the same face and back picks in the same way.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 30th day of December, 1926; g

GEORGE E. .CLAUSS. Y 

